You have perhaps heard that Michigan passed a form of estate recovery in September of 2007, becoming the last state in the union to do so. Estate recovery is a program through which states attempt to recoup the costs of Medicaid long term care benefits paid out. Although Michigan has passed the necessary legislation to begin estate recovery, it will not be until the program is reviewed and approved by CMS that it is officially implemented.

Read the rest of this entry »

Mr. David Goldman has raised some interesting points regarding the free durable power of attorney posted here and free durable power of attorneys generally. There are many problems with such documents and I have mentioned them in the previous post. Above all, you should certainly understand that any decision you make to use such documents will be your own and cannot be based upon anything written here. Mr. Goldman takes the argument a bit further. The first point he makes is that one should read carefully to be sure “free” documents are in fact free. He found a “free” power of attorney form elsewhere that only revealed in the fine print that you would be charged $19.95 per month for downloading the document.

Read the rest of this entry »

The process is of applying for Medicaid long term care assistance can be somewhat difficult. The documentation requirements can be voluminous and the process will typically take at least 45 days. I have seen several recent cases take as long 4 months to be approved.

Read the rest of this entry »

An astounding thing happened during the fall of 2007. Michigan changed its Medicaid policy with respect to annuities and implemented those changes with retroactive effect.

The new policy requires annuities to have several features in order to avoid being considered a divestment. Among the requirements is a rule that the state of Michigan must be named a remainder beneficiary to the extent of Medicaid benefits received. This law applies to all annuities purchased or altered after February 8th, 2006, the day President Bush signed the Deficit Reduction Act into law.

Read the rest of this entry »

It is important to understand the basic rules of qualifying for Medicaid Long Term Care Assistance in order to cope with the financial realities of a relative’s long-term care. The rules below apply in Michigan and have been updated for 2008.

First, you should understand that the rules are different for single people and those who are married. To make things just a little more complicated, if both spouses of a married couple are in the nursing home, they are both subject to the rules of a single person, with each spouse qualifying separately.

Read the rest of this entry »

Under previous Medicaid policy, applicants for long term care were given the benefit of a doubt most of the time. In some cases, a demonstrated intent to complete asset conversion, which is the process of converting non-exempt assets into exempt or excluded assets and is the heart of Medicaid planning, would be enough to pass scrutiny.

Read the rest of this entry »

The durable power of attorney is an extremely valuable estate plan document. It allows one person to designate an agent to conduct all financial affairs. These documents are typically durable meaning that the power continues through the disability of the principal (the person naming an agent). Alternatively, there can be springing powers of attorney, which only come into effect when the principal is incapacitated. Springing powers of attorney can be attractive in many ways since the principal’s assets remain untouchable while they can still be used and enjoyed by the principal. But many financial institutions will not honor a springing power of attorney. The apparent rationale goes like this: “You didn’t trust him while you were able to watch over your own affairs. Why should we trust him now?”

Read the rest of this entry »

Many Elder law attorneys advise loving couples to pursue divorce as a method of asset protection. I have never found the technique necessary and, frankly, find the approach ethically questionable. Alternatives exist for both pre-planning and crisis planning that avoid the murky waters of a consensual divorce between an otherwise happily-wed pair. It is my view that you should not have to pretend to be something that you are not in order to protect assets. Everything is always disclosed in the Medicaid applications I advise clients on and the asset protection plans I create. I have helped dozens of couples protect their estates from the cost of long term care and there has never been a reason to resort to divorce.

A negative inheritance is a net loss of assets arising from the cost of caring for elderly members of one’s family. The cost of care is increasing rapidly, but that is simply a measure of the time and labor intensive nature of caring for the elderly. For some families, particularly those most devoted to the care of their aging parents, the time and expense of caring for oldest generation will outstrip the assets that are passed to the caregivers.

Read the rest of this entry »

This post is continuation of what I expect to be a long series on protecting the homestead of long term care patients.

Before the Deficit Reduction Act was signed in February of 2006, it was relatively easy for an elder law attorney or a well-informed layperson to set aside money to pay for the upkeep of a nursing home patient’s homestead. A simple contract could be created and assets transferred to a responsible relative who would pay for the utilities, taxes, insurance and maintenance of the nursing home patient’s home. It also used to be possible to gift a significant amount of money each month. Therefore one could simply give assets to another to keep up the home. These techniques were necessary because a person in a nursing home can generally have only $2,000.00 in cash or equivalent non-exempt assets and all but a small portion of income will go to the cost of care. Since such a small amount of money is dwarfed by property taxes alone, the policy allowing money to be set aside for homestead maintenance made sense for several reasons.

First of all, some people do return home, even after long stays in a nursing home. Second, there are significant tax benefits to waiting until one’s passing to transfer a homestead to a relative. But with the possibility of tax foreclosure or dissipation through neglect, a sale or significant financial hardship is difficult to avoid with the owner in a nursing home. Moreover, Medicaid policy considers the transfer of a homestead a divestment subject to penalty in most cases. Third, the sale of home in financial distress is a loss to an effected family, particularly in today’s troubled real estate market.

Read the rest of this entry »

This article provides some preliminary answers to an important question for today’s retirees and elderly: Is long term care insurance a good idea?

In general, I advise clients to get long term care insurance. The effects of being unprepared for this financial tsunami are too overwhelming to do otherwise. But be careful and be informed.

Among your first questions should be the extent of the coverage and the anticipated premium schedule. It is not uncommon to see nursing home care costs increase 10% or more in a single year. It is therefore important to understand how much coverage is needed and how much adequate coverage will cost.

Once you have that information, consider this: a properly drafted and funded asset protection plan will give you all of the benefits of your assets, but fully protect them from the cost of long term care after five years. When you look at the premiums, the escalation of long term care costs, and the uncertainty of the future, an asset protection estate plan combined with 5 years of long term care insurance makes the most sense for many people.